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Controlling Thermal Stresses in Composites by Means of Fiber Prestress

Department of Mechanical Engineering, FU-10, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195

R. T. Koehler

Department of Mechanical Engineering, FU-10, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195

D. Keren

Department of Mechanical Engineering, FU-10, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195

A new method of applying a prestress to the fibers in composite laminates prior to and during cure is described, and several [0^P/90]_T laminates produced at varying prestress levels are discussed. Experimental measurements described in this paper confirm that fiber prestressing can reduce or eliminate residual thermal stresses. This is evidenced by a reduction in the thermal warpage of unsymmetric [0^P/90]_T laminates. An existing thermal analysis of unsymmetric laminates (developed by Hyer) is modified slightly in this paper to account for fiber prestressing, and is then used to predict out-of-plane deformations of the [0^P/90]_T panels. Measurements compare well with theory. Specimens machined from the prestressed panels were also subjected to tensile loadings and inspected for matrix cracks in the 90° ply. It was found that fiber prestressing greatly reduced matrix cracking in [0^P/90]_T specimens, but had little effect on [0/90^P]_T specimens.

Journal of Composite Materials, Vol. 30, No. 4, 486-502 (1996)
DOI: 10.1177/002199839603000404


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