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Effect of Yttria-doping on Mechanical Properties of Bovine Hydroxyapatite (BHA)

Metal Education Department, Technical Education School, Marmara University Goztepe Campus, Ziverbey, Kadikoy 34722, Istanbul, Turkey, Mechanical Engineering, London University College, London WC1E 7JE, UK, oguzhan{at}marmara.edu.tr, o_gunduz{at}meng.ucl.ac.uk

S. Daglilar

Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, Yildiz Technical University, Davutpasa Campus, 34201, Esenler, Istanbul, Turkey

S. Salman

Metal Education Department, Technical Education School, Marmara University Goztepe Campus, Ziverbey, Kadikoy 34722, Istanbul, Turkey, Georgia Institute of Technology, Engineering College, Material Science and Engineering School, Atlanta, GA 30318, USA

N. Ekren

Electric Education Department, Technical Education School, Marmara University, Goztepe Campus, Ziverbey, Kadikoy 34722, Istanbul, Turkey

S. Agathopoulos

Materials Science and Engineering Department, Ioannina University, Greece

F.N. Oktar

Engineering School, Industrial Engineering Department Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey, Radiology Department, Health Related Professions School Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey

Sintered bodies of hydroxyapatite, derived from calcinated bovine bone (BHA) and doped with 0.5 and 1 wt% Y₂O₃, were prepared. Measurements of density, compression strength, and microhardness, along with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were carried out. The experimental results showed that BHA doping with yttria favors formation of glassy phase, which advances sintering and results in a dense and reinforced BHA matrix. The best mechanical properties were achieved after sintering at 1200°C for compressive strength (82MPa) and 1300°C for microhardness (672HV). These results are better than pure BHA or composites of hydroxyapatite with Y₂O₃-stablized zirconia, qualifying yttria (as dopant of BHA) for further in vitro and in vivo experimentation.

Key Words: hydroxyapatite • yttria • sintering • microstructure • mechanical properties.

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