Advanced Search

Journal Navigation

Journal Home

Subscriptions

Archive

Contact Us

Table of Contents

Sign In to gain access to subscriptions and/or personal tools.
Journal of Composite Materials
This Article
Right arrow Abstract Freely available
Right arrow Free Full Text (Free PDF) Free
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to Saved Citations
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowRequest Permissions
Right arrow Request Reprints
Right arrow Add to My Marked Citations
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Right arrow Citing Articles via Scopus
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Sung Kyu Ha
Right arrow Articles by Yuanchen Huang
Right arrow Search for Related Content
Social Bookmarking
Add to CiteULike   Add to Complore   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us   Add to Digg   Add to Reddit   Add to Technorati   Add to Twitter  
What's this?

Micro-Mechanics of Failure (MMF) for Continuous Fiber Reinforced Composites

Sung Kyu Ha

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, 1271 Sa 1-dong, Sangnok-gu, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do, 426'791, South Korea, sungha{at}hanyang.ac.kr

Kyo Kook Jin

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, 1271 Sa 1-dong, Sangnok-gu, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do, 426'791, South Korea

Yuanchen Huang

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, 1271 Sa 1-dong, Sangnok-gu, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do, 426'791, South Korea

The micromechanics of failure was developed to predict the failure of continuous fiber reinforced composites. A micromechanical approach using unit cells of square and hexagonal arrays was employed to compute the micro stresses of constituents and at the fiber—matrix interface, which were used to determine the failure initiation of a unidirectional ply. The constituent properties include two tensile and compressive strengths of fiber and matrix, plus normal and shear strengths at the interface. The matrix and interfacial dominated strength properties are determined by matching the micro stresses at the constituent levels with the observed transverse tensile and compressive strengths on the macro ply level. The longitudinal shear failure is then expected to be a result of damage progression after initial failure. Based on the current MMF, in the graphite/epoxy considered in this study both transverse tensile and compressive failure are expected to occur via matrix failure. However, in the glass/epoxy the transverse tensile and compressive failures are respectively caused by matrix failure and interfacial tensile failure. These predictions are compared with predictions from other widely used failure criteria as well as experimental data. Lastly, we predicted the failure of laminates. Instead of using a unidirectional ply-based failure theory, starting with the fiber, matrix, and their interface will lead to a much simpler, more generic theory.

Key Words: Micromechanics • failure criterion • failure envelope • constituent failure • unidirectional composites.

References

  • Azzi, V.D. and Tsai, S.W. (1965). Anisotropic Strength of Composites, Experimental Mechanics, 5: 283-288.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Tsai, S.W. (1965). Strength Characteristics of Composite Materials, NASA Contractor Report, CR-224, National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
  • Tsai, S.W. and Wu, E.M. (1971). A General Theory of Strength for Anisotropic Materials, Journal of Composite Materials, 5: 58-80.[Abstract]
  • Hashin, Z. and Rotem, A. (1973). A Fatigue Failure Criterion for Fiber Reinforced Materials, Journal of Composite Materials, 7: 448-464.[Abstract]
  • Hashin, Z. (1980). Failure Criteria for Unidirectional Fiber Composites, Journal of Applied Mechanics, 47: 329-334.[Medline] [Order article via Infotrieve]
  • Yamada, S.E. and Sun, C.T. (1978). Analysis of Laminate Strength and Its Distribution, Journal of Composite Materials, 12: 275-284.[Abstract]
  • Chang, F.K., Scott, R.A. and Springer, G.S. (1984). Failure of Composite Laminates Containing Pin Loaded Holes - Method of Solution, Journal of Composite Materials, 18: 255-278.[Abstract]
  • Chang, F.K., Scott, R.A. and Springer, G.S. (1984). Failure Strength of Nonlinearly Elastic Composite Laminates Containing Pin Loaded Holes - Method of Solution, Journal of Composite Materials, 18: 464-477.[Abstract]
  • Chang, F.K. and Chang, K.Y. (1987). A Progressive Damage Model for Laminated Composites Containing Stress Concentrations, Journal of Composite Materials, 21: 834-855.[Abstract]
  • Hart-Smith, L.J. (1989). A New Approach to Fibrous Composite Laminate Strength Prediction. Eighth DOD/NASA/FAA Conference on Fibrous Composites in Structural Design, NASA CP-3087, Part 2: 663-693.
  • Feng, W.W. (1991). A Failure Criterion for Composite Materials. Journal of Composite Materials, 25: 88-100.[Web of Science]
  • Pang, S., Pandian, A. and Bradshaw, R.D. (1992). Modified Tsai-Wu Failure Criterion for Fiber-Reinforced Composite Laminates, Polymer Composites, 13(4): 273-277.[CrossRef][Web of Science]
  • Shahid, I. and Chang, F.K. (1993). Failure and Strength of Laminated Composite Plates under Multiple In-Plane Loads, 38th International SAMPE Symposium, pp. 967-977.
  • Shahid, I. and Chang, F.K. (1995). An Accumulative Damage Model for Tensile and Shear Failures of Laminated Composite Plates, Journal of Composite Materials, 29(7): 926-981.[Abstract]
  • Chandler, H.D., Campbell, I.M.D. and Stone, M.A. (1995). An Assessment of Failure Criteria for Fiber Reinforced Composite Laminates. International Journal of Fatigue, 17(7): 513-518.[CrossRef][Web of Science]
  • Christensen, R.M. (1997). Stress based Yield/Failure Criteria for Fiber Composites, International Journal of Solids and Structures, 34(5): 529-543.[CrossRef][Web of Science]
  • Deng, S. and Ye, L. (1999). Influence of Fiber-matrix Adhesion on Mechanical Properties of Graphite/Epoxy Composites I. Tensile, Flexure, and Fatigue Properties, Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, 18: 1021-1040.
  • Deng, S. and Ye, L. (1999). Influence of Fiber-matrix Adhesion on Mechanical Properties of Graphite/Epoxy Composites: II. Interlaminar Fracture and Inplane Shear Behavior, Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, 18: 1041-1057.[Abstract/Free Full Text]
  • Deng, S. and Ye, L. (1999). Influence of Fiber-matrix Adhesion on Mechanical Properties of Graphite/Epoxy Composites: III. Impact and Dynamic Mechanical Properties, Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, 19: 689-703.
  • Kim, K.Y. and Ye, L. (2005). Influence of Matrix and Interface on Transverse Mechanical Properties of CF-PEI Thermoplastic Composites at Elevated Temperatures, Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, 24: 429-445.[Abstract]
  • Hobbiebrunken, T., Hojo, M., Adachi, T., Jong, C.D. and Fiedler, B. (2006). Evaluation of Interfacial Strength in CF/Epoxies using FEM and In-Situ Experiments, Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 37(12): 2248-2256.[CrossRef][Web of Science]
  • Puck, A. and Schürmann, H. (1998). Failure Analysis of FRP Laminates by Means of Physically Based Phenomenological Models, Composites Science and Technology, 58(7): 1045-1067.[CrossRef][Web of Science]
  • Puck, A. and Schürmann, H. (2002). Failure Analysis of FRP Laminates by Means of Physically Based Phenomenological Models, Composites Science and Technology, 62(12-13): 1633-1662.[CrossRef][Web of Science]
  • Mayes, J.S. (1999). Micromechanics Based Failure Analysis of Composite Structural Laminates, Carderock Division, Naval Surface Warfare Center, Ship Structures and Materials Department, NSWCCD-65-TR-1999/15.
  • Mayes, J.S. and Hansen, A.C. (2004). A Comparison of Multicontinuum Theory based Failure Simulation with Experimental Results, Composites Science and Technology, 64 (3-4): 517-527.[CrossRef][Web of Science]
  • Chaboche, J.-L. and Carrère, N. (2002). Multiscale Structural Analyses Incorporating Damage Mechanics at the Meso- or Micro-Scales, International Symposium on Anisotropic Behavior of Damaged Materials, ABDM-2002, Poland, September 9-22.
  • Laurin, F., Carrère, N. and Maire, J.-F. (2007). A Multiscale Progressive Failure Approach for Composite Laminates Based on Thermodynamical Viscoelastic and Damage Models, Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 38(1): 198-209.[CrossRef][Web of Science]
  • Hinton, M.J. and Soden, P.D. (1998). Predicting Failure in Composite Laminates: the Background to the Exercise, Composites Science and Technology, 58(7): 1001-1010.[CrossRef][Web of Science]
  • Soden, P.D., Hinton, M.J. and Kaddour, A.S. (1998). Lamina Properties, Lay-Up Configurations and Loading Conditions for a Range of Fiber-Reinforced Composite Laminates, Composites Science and Technology, 58(7): 1011-1022.[CrossRef][Web of Science]
  • Soden, P.D., Hinton, M.J. and Kaddour, A.S. (1998). A Comparison of the Predictive Capabilities of Current Failure Theories for Composite Laminates, Composites Science and Technology, 58(7): 1225-1254.[CrossRef][Web of Science]
  • Hinton, M.J., Kaddour, A.S. and Soden, P.D. (2002). Evaluation of Failure Prediction in Composite Laminates: Background to `Part B' of the Exercise, Composites Science and Technology, 62(12-13): 1481-1488.[CrossRef][Web of Science]
  • Soden, P.D., Hinton, M.J. and Kaddour, A.S. (2002). Biaxial Test Results for Strength and Deformation of a Range of E-Glass and Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composite Laminates: Failure Exercise Benchmark Data, Composites Science and Technology, 62(12-13): 1489-1514.[CrossRef][Web of Science]
  • Hinton, M.J., Kaddour, A.S. and Soden, P.D. (2002). A Comparison of the Predictive Capabilities of Current Failure Theories for Composite Laminates, Judged against Experimental Evidence, Composites Science and Technology, 62(12-13): 1725-1797.
  • Hinton, M.J., Kaddour, A.S. and Soden, P.D. (2004). Evaluation of Failure Prediction in Composite Laminates: Background to `Part C' of the Exercise, Composites Science and Technology, 64(3-4): 321-327.[CrossRef][Web of Science]
  • Kaddour, A.S., Hinton, M.J. and Soden, P.D. (2004). A Comparison of the Predictive Capabilities of Current Failure Theories for Composite Laminates: Additional Contributions, Composites Science and Technology, 64(3-4): 449-476.[CrossRef][Web of Science]
  • Hinton, M.J., Kaddour, A.S. and Soden, P.D. (2004). A Further Assessment of the Predictive Capabilities of Current Failure Theories for Composite Laminates: Comparison with Experimental Evidence, Composites Science and Technology, 64(3-4): 549-588.[CrossRef][Web of Science]
  • Soden, P.D., Kaddour, A.S. and Hinton, M.J. (2004). Recommendations for Designers and Researchers Resulting from the World-Wide Failure Exercise, Composites Science and Technology, 64(3-4): 589-604.[CrossRef][Web of Science]
  • Miyano, Y., Nakata, M. and Sekine, N. (2005). Accelerated Testing for Long-Term Durability of FRP Laminates for Marine Use, Journal of Composite Materials, 39: 5-20.[Abstract]
  • Miyano, Y., Nakada, M. and Cai, H. (2008). Formulation of Long-Term Creep and Fatigue Strengths of Polymer Composites based on Accelerated Testing Methodology, Journal of Composite Materials (In print).
  • Jin, K.K., Huang, Y., Lee, Y.H. and Ha, S.K. (2008). Distribution of Micro Stresses and Interfacial Tractions in Unidirectional Composites, Journal of Composite Materials (In print).
  • Altenbach, H. and Tushtev, K. (2001). A New Static Failure Criterion for Isotropic Polymers, Mechanics of Composite Materials, 37(5-6): 475-482.[CrossRef][Web of Science]
  • Bowden, P.B. and Jukes, J.A. (1972). The Plastic Flow of Isotropic Polymers, Journal of Material Science, 7: 52-63.[CrossRef]
  • Raghava, R.S., Caddell, R.M. and Yeh, G.S.Y. (1973). The Macroscopic Yield Behavior of Polymers, Journal of Material Science, 8: 225-232.[CrossRef]
  • Bauwens, J.C. (1970). Yield Condition and Propagation of Lüders' Lines in Tension-Torsion Experiments on Poly(Vinyl Chloride), Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics, 8(6): 893-901.[CrossRef]
  • Camanho, P.P., Davila, C.G. and Ambur, D.R. (2001). Numerical Simulation of Delamination Growth in Composite Materials. NASA-TP-211041.
  • Defining the Constitutive Response of Cohesive Elements Using a Traction-Separation Description, Abaqus Analysis User's Manual, Abaqus Version 6.7 Documentation.
  • Totry, E., Gonzalez, C. and LLorca, J. (2008). Failure Locus of Fiber-Reinforced Composites under Transverse Compression and Out-of-Plane Shear, Composites Science and Technology, 68(3-4): 829-839.[CrossRef][Web of Science]
  • Cuntze, R.G. and Freund, A. (2004). The Predictive Capability of Failure Mode Concept-Based Strength Criteria for Multidirectional Laminates, Composites Science and Technology, 64(3-4): 343-377.[CrossRef][Web of Science]
  • Personal communication with Prof. Miyano, Y. in Kanazawa Institute of Technology, Japan.

This version was published on September 1, 2008

Journal of Composite Materials, Vol. 42, No. 18, 1873-1895 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/0021998308093911
Add to CiteULike CiteULike   Add to Complore Complore   Add to Connotea Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us   Add to Digg Digg   Add to Reddit Reddit   Add to Technorati Technorati   Add to Twitter Twitter    What's this?


This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 Journal of Composite MaterialsHome page
J. Koyanagi, H. Hatta, M. Kotani, and H. Kawada
A Comprehensive Model for Determining Tensile Strengths of Various Unidirectional Composites
Journal of Composite Materials, August 1, 2009; 43(18): 1901 - 1914.
[Abstract] [PDF]

This Article
Right arrow Abstract Freely available
Right arrow Free Full Text (Free PDF) Free
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to Saved Citations
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowRequest Permissions
Right arrow Request Reprints
Right arrow Add to My Marked Citations
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Right arrow Citing Articles via Scopus
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Sung Kyu Ha
Right arrow Articles by Yuanchen Huang
Right arrow Search for Related Content
Social Bookmarking
Add to CiteULike   Add to Complore   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us   Add to Digg   Add to Reddit   Add to Technorati   Add to Twitter  
What's this?